Ismg 2050 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ismg 2050 - Assignment Example For instance, I selected all the fields from the three tables. Then, I went ahead and put down California under the criteria section. As for the second query, I choose the VC data table as my preferred choice of data for my query. By following the same procedure as in query 1, I choose the query design from the create query menu. Then I went ahead and choose the violent robbery field from the table. I also choose the city table where I put down the states of Ohio and California on the criteria section. This enabled the query to only look for data in these two states only. Finally, I selected the totals from a design query, which allowed me to select which option I would like to compute. This included the sum, standard deviation, maximum and minimum totals under the group by drop down menu. For the third query, I used the city and property crime data tables. I selected the create query that set up a query design process. I then linked the two tables together and proceeded on selecting all the fields from the property crime table and the cities from the city data table. However, under the cities I put down the letters R and S for the criteria and or rows on the query. This then brought the desired results. Finally, in the fourth query I incorporated all the tables provided to come up with the results. First, I selected the design query from create menu and selected all the tables. I then proceeded in selecting all the required fields. In choose the city, the state, the property crime and violent crime

The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World. Clash of Ignorance Essay Example for Free

The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World. Clash of Ignorance Essay This article by Edward Said is a follow up to an earlier article by Samuel Huntington titled â€Å"The Clash of Civilization† that was themed around civilization being a source of conflict in the modern world. The focus of Huntington’s article is the prediction of ideological differences between the different cultures say religions Christianity and Islam being a source of conflict in the world. Summary of the article This article â€Å"Clash of Ignorance† by Edward Said aims at faulting the earlier assumption in the â€Å"Clash of civilization† where it is only assumed that the major cultures say the West and Islamism are in conflict. The high level of ignorance in the theory and generalization of the West and Islam as cultures is the main thematic concern by Said in this article. The article faults the general ascribed ideology of the West versus the rest as in the cold war period to a now new modern ideology of Islamism versus the West. Critical Discussion Said makes an argument against some of the popular entities in global politics in modern day. The entities are Islamism and the â€Å"West†. Reference is made of Huntington’s article that foresaw the cause of conflict in future politics as being driven by the differences between nations and the different groups of civilization. The general assumption from this is the fact that conflicts will thus be cultural. In the â€Å"Clash of Ignorance† the author is against this classification of groups in conflict. Said is in contention of Huntington’s theory on the use of the 9/11 terrorist attack on America as an affirmation to the existence of the two sides in global conflict across the globe CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). According to Said, the involvement of the terrorists in the 9/11 attacks was just a representation of a small fraction. This thus cannot be construed to be a representation of Islam’s across the world. This argument is strengthened by Said through his allusion to a stand by a practicing Muslim who contends that Islamic extremists are not by any form a representation of the religion in itself but people who are out to distort the face of the religion CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). Said also argues against the idea that Muslims across the globe have an assumption of being a superior culture. This is indeed not a properly sampled and proved theory with empirical evidence of the billions of Muslims across the globe. The assertion by the Italian Prime Minister of Islam being adamant to being part of modernity is also wrong according to Said. This can be proved through the embracing of different â€Å"western† technologies and the use of the said technologies in the 9/11 attacks on America. Further evidence points at the embracing of western style clothing by some Muslims even the women. The above stated evidence by Said points to the heightened ignorance in factual evidence as regards to calls of existence of conflicts between Islam and the â€Å"West† CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). In this article, Said makes numerous efforts as a result of lack of evidence to show the divide being asserted between the â€Å"West† and â€Å"Islam†. He points out the different societies across the world where both sides in this alleged divide live in harmony. The increased level of anti-Islamic perspectives s portrayed in the media in the â€Å"West† is enough evidence of the level of hate speech directed towards Muslims who stay in the â€Å"West†. Said contents that the genesis of such anti Islamism begun in Europe in the wake of the destruction of Roman Empire by the Arab conquest. This led to the destruction of Christian unity at that time and now the resentment against Muslims has now been reignited. Positive aspects of the past relationship between the two cultures have been overshadowed by this loathe towards Islam. For instance the west embraced science, sociology and philosophy of Islam yet now they seen to cast negative aspersions about the religion in general based on a few activities of terrorists in the name of religion CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). In most parts of the article, Said revisits the similarities between the two sides of the alleged divide and accuses the West of having selective memory and double standards. This is based on some of the atrocities committed by the West that are similar to the September 11 attacks in the name of religion. Examples of such atrocities include the Branch Davidians and the supporters of Jim Jones the reverend. Said further attacks the use of powerful idioms in print media in the â€Å"West† since most of these articles do not appreciate the complicated histories between the two sides. He argues that this instead fuel the infatuation of being a Westerner CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). Said insists on the fact that Islamic extremists misrepresent the religion. This thus can be seen as an effective way to deal with Huntington who uses terrorism to cement the rift between the â€Å"West â€Å"and â€Å"Islam†. The evidence by Said proves his claim of Muslim representation. His demonstration of the lack of distinction between the two sides and the successful integration of the two cultures in clothing, adoption of technology and co-existence in some societies show the lack of conflict between the two cultures. However, his subjective statements across the article taint his argument. His critic of Huntington’s book â€Å"The Root of Muslim Rage† was personal as he says Huntington did confuse himself by showing he is such a clumsy thinker. Generally, this article â€Å"The Clash of Ignorance† is quite a persuasive piece of work and convincing. It makes it easy to understand the complex nature of the theme â€Å"Islamism† and the â€Å"West† CITATION Kar12 l 1033 (Karim Eid, 2012). Conclusion From the analysis explored in this article, the different stakeholders must unite to fight the increasing divide between the two sides of the divide. A closer detailed look at the evidence linking terrorism and Islam raise more speculation about the connection between the two. Terrorism will continue to provide the terrorists a continuous stream of income to finance their activities. Terrorism should thus not be blamed on ideological conflict between the different cultures of the world. Said emphasis is on ignorance and lack of facts on Islam being the reason it is blamed for the increased level of radicalism hence global conflict CITATION Sai01 l 1033 (Said, 2001). References   Huntington, S. P. (2007). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World. New York: Simon and Schuster. Karim, K. H., Eid, M. (2012). Clash of Ignorance. Global Media Journal Canadian Edition Volume 5, Issue 1, 7-27. Said, E. W. (2001, February 14). Clash of Ignorance. Retrieved from The Nation: www.thenation.com Source document

Those Winter Sundays :: Literary Analysis, Rita Dove

The poem â€Å"Daystar† by Rita Dove and the poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Robert Hayden have some similarities, but they also have some differences. These poems mainly deal with parenting and the parenting life as well as their own personal issues. Each parent in the two poems have their children’s best interest at heart, but the two very different parents in two different time periods deal with very similar issues. The poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† Robert Hayden expresses regret through this poem about his father. This poem is set when the speaker was a child which makes this poem older than from 1966. The poem is a reflection of his father years before. The speaker describes his father as a hard worker through the week and even on Sundays, which was a weekly routine. The speaker says, â€Å"Sundays too my father got up early / and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold, / then with cracked hands that ached / from labor in the weekday weather made / banked fires blaze† (Hayden lines 1-5). The speaker says, â€Å"Sundays too† (Hayden line 1) as if it were included like every other weekday. Traditionally, families rest and participate in other activities other than work on Sundays, but not the speaker’s father. His father worked hard no matter what state the weather was or his physical condition was, he had a family to care for, which was his objective. Next, the speaker says, â€Å"No one ever thanked him† (Hayden line 5). In the poem the speaker also says, â€Å"I would rise and dress, / fearing the chronic angers of that house† (Hayden lines 8 and 9). The speaker’s father was a hard working man only to care and provide for his family, but he did not receive any appreciation from them. Feeling unappreciated is very frustrating which could lead to being angry, especially when the ability to rest is out of reach. The speaker describes his feelings when he would wake up on Sunday mornings as a fearful child. He was a fearful because he knew his father would be frustrated. The father had callused and bruised hands that were painful, he was cold, and felt unappreciated. All the listed factors could build up and make anybody angry or frustrated. Regardless that his father was an angry man he obviously loved his family. The speaker says, â€Å"I’d wake and hear the cold splintering, breaking. Those Winter Sundays :: Literary Analysis, Rita Dove The poem â€Å"Daystar† by Rita Dove and the poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Robert Hayden have some similarities, but they also have some differences. These poems mainly deal with parenting and the parenting life as well as their own personal issues. Each parent in the two poems have their children’s best interest at heart, but the two very different parents in two different time periods deal with very similar issues. The poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† Robert Hayden expresses regret through this poem about his father. This poem is set when the speaker was a child which makes this poem older than from 1966. The poem is a reflection of his father years before. The speaker describes his father as a hard worker through the week and even on Sundays, which was a weekly routine. The speaker says, â€Å"Sundays too my father got up early / and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold, / then with cracked hands that ached / from labor in the weekday weather made / banked fires blaze† (Hayden lines 1-5). The speaker says, â€Å"Sundays too† (Hayden line 1) as if it were included like every other weekday. Traditionally, families rest and participate in other activities other than work on Sundays, but not the speaker’s father. His father worked hard no matter what state the weather was or his physical condition was, he had a family to care for, which was his objective. Next, the speaker says, â€Å"No one ever thanked him† (Hayden line 5). In the poem the speaker also says, â€Å"I would rise and dress, / fearing the chronic angers of that house† (Hayden lines 8 and 9). The speaker’s father was a hard working man only to care and provide for his family, but he did not receive any appreciation from them. Feeling unappreciated is very frustrating which could lead to being angry, especially when the ability to rest is out of reach. The speaker describes his feelings when he would wake up on Sunday mornings as a fearful child. He was a fearful because he knew his father would be frustrated. The father had callused and bruised hands that were painful, he was cold, and felt unappreciated. All the listed factors could build up and make anybody angry or frustrated. Regardless that his father was an angry man he obviously loved his family. The speaker says, â€Å"I’d wake and hear the cold splintering, breaking.

The Great Gatsby from Daisy’s Point of View

Daisy point of view In this chapter of The Great Gatsby, starts out with Tom and Nick on the train, their way to New York City. On their way Tom makes them get off of the train so that Nick can meet his â€Å"girl†. Tom takes them to a house in the â€Å"valley of ashes† which Is the poorest part of the city. They arrive at George Wilson house. George Is married to Tom's lover Myrtle. Myrtle then leaves the house to Join Tom and Nick on their trip to the city. After Myrtle buys a dog In the city, the group heads to Myrtle's sisters house.At her place they have a small party with a couple called the Emcee's. At this party Nick gets drunk for the second time In his life. Later that night Myrtle starts talking about daisy and when she won't stop Tom punches her In the face and breaks her nose. Immediately after the party stops and Nick finds himself on the 4 am train back to Long Island. Daisy Is The Great Gatsby most â€Å"mysterious†, and perhaps also the most dis appointing, character. She Is Just a selfish, low, and hurtful, woman. After marrying Tom, a rich man, she moves to East Egg, Long Island.Daisy is a woman who likes to â€Å"play† with men, she loves to overstress and improvise. Most men are fascinated by her and daisy enjoys it, being the center and get attention. At the same time Daisy wants to be liked and popular among all the men's around her. Daisy's point of view: Today, we had my cousin Nick come over for dinner. It had been quite some time since I last saw him. My friend Jordan and myself, were sprawling on the couch on a hot summer afternoon, and the same time he came. Nick's school years were over and had Just graduated from the university of Yale, and were looking or work.He had changed a lot, he was more of a young mature man. We couldn't bother to stand up and welcome him, so instead we talked, while still sprawling. I knew he came to live in the West Egg, I bet he will visit us quite often. Nick had this naive look on his face, which I couldn't be bothered to ask why, but made him look so lame like that. Yesterday, I had so much fun when Nick got embarrassed when I asked him that he was engaged and getting married soon. The way he denied it and got flushed, it was worth to be seen and remembered when I want a laugh on a miserable day.Ill always remember that. Anyway, today Tom and Nick went together to see a â€Å"friend†. I bet it's that â€Å"Myrtle woman† again. I don't know what he finds In her. I'm so furious when he has an affair with other women, when he has a wife Like me. How could he do such a thing like that? I don't see why he Is taking Nick either. What's It to Nick anyway? Is he going to Introduce Nick to her as well? Tom Is so vulgar to me. He doesn't treat me as I deserve at all. I wish he was always loyal to me, I just wish that we could adventure love. Http://disaggregating-chapters. Webby. Com/ – chapter 2 summery

Toyota’s Production Process

Many companies have tried to understand and replicate the production process at the various Toyota facilities, but until you stop just looking at the surface and take a deeper look you won’t fully understand all the positive aspects to the production line. Toyota is known for their distinctive practices and precision work throughout the years and their amazing use of internal benchmarking to help the company continue to move forward. Because of the positives within the company’s dynamics Toyota has comfortably been on top of other companies in their industry.Toyota is not shy when it comes to show and giving ideas to other manufacturers to improve their own processes, but very few actually accomplish the success that Toyota has. Not because it is too trying to do, but because the manufacturers that come into to evaluate confuse the tools and practices they see on their plant visits with the system itself. The process at Toyota isn’t a process that you can simply look at and understand; you truly have to get a closer look and really dissect it.A study was done to understand the process completely including service functions like equipment, maintenance, workers’ training and supervision. All of these sections were taken into a count because the service functions help and are responsible for the whole process moving the way that it does. Toyota, like other manufacturers has many specifications set to create everything correctly, but only thing that Toyota does to get those specifications where they need to be is using a hypothesis method. It is a rigorous problem solving method, but it has shown to be very beneficial to the company.The article summaries the four rules that they believe to underlie the Toyota production system. Rule 1: How People Work; all work shall be highly specified as to content, sequence, timing and outcome. This rule is implemented well because it doesn’t just target senior workers or supervisors; it is set in place to be accomplished by all workers no matter the hierarchical role. Although this may seem obvious that a manufacturer would complete every task this way it actually is the case at most companies.Other companies are completing the tasks presented, but they aren’t following through and making as precise measurement and protocols as Toyota does. For each ‘station’ there are timings to when things should be done to complete in a timely manner while making sure things are done correctly. The detailed step through every process keeps Toyota moving smoothly and efficiently. Rule 2: How people Connect; every customer-supplier connection must be direct, and there must be an unambiguous yes-or-no way to send requests and receive responses.Toyota has created outstanding relationships between each person and the individual who is responsible for providing that person with each specific good or service. An outcome to this is that there is no discrepancy with the tim ing of shipment and who is making the shipments. This rule extends to the consumer as well. For instance if something is wrong with the product there is no problem figuring out who will assist with the problem that arose. The number of workers within a team is set out based on the number of problems that may occur during the process.Toyota exemplifies a direct and effective method through each step of the development process. It is designed that people are suppose to respond within a certain time frame and with this provision it doesn’t allow for errors to occur and if they do arise then it will be dealt with timely manner. Toyota stresses helping others through the process so it is everyone’s responsibility for things to be completed on time and with no errors. If help is needed, help must be received in the time it would to complete the task that is in need of some help.By doing this problems are hidden or pushed to the side, but rather called attention to and fixed as soon as possible. Rule 3: How the Production Line is Constructed; the pathway for every product and service must be simple and direct. The production line links each person who contributes to the production and delivery of the product, form the Toyota factory. This rule simply means that the process isn’t just moved from person to person, but more specific. The job is moved from specific person to specific person to make it more efficient and reliable.When this is applied to every ‘station’ of the development process there is less of a chance of error or variance among the workers. This doesn’t slow down the process by any means; instead it actually speeds up the process because the process doesn’t need to be stopped for fixing or maintenance. Within Toyota’s plants the pathway for assistance is three, four or even five links long, which connects the workers to the floor managers. In the past Toyota experimented with the method of just mov ing the process to the next available person, but this system showed to not benefit Toyota’s production line.When Toyota implemented the idea of moving it to a specified person rather than just the next person the process was more productive and less likely to cause error. Rule 4: How to Improve; any improvement must be made in accordance with the scientific method, under the guidance of a teacher, at the lowest possible level in the organization. Toyota really stress the fact that training is necessary to complete any task, not just by senior employees, but an actual training clinic. In the Toyota plant for example workers were adjusting and perfecting their problem solving skills by redesigning their own work.Managers were training the employees to frame the problem better and to formulate and test a hypothesis, which is an example of the scientific method. If the employees in the company think that the process could be more productive if they were to change something in th e process then it is expected, by the managers to explain the process change and the logic behind why it would work better than the process before. Frontline workers make the improvements to their own jobs, and their supervisors provide direction and assistance as teachers.This process remains the same even at higher levels and more complex jobs within the company. This means that the learning and the problem solving done takes place in all areas of the company not just one. When looking at Toyota’s production system you can see a direct correlation between their process and a lean development process. A lean development process is about doing more with less and doing it with speed and right the first time around. This is exactly what Toyota exemplifies.There are four distinct components to lean processing; customer relationships, production development, order fulfillment and supply chain. Those four components coincide with the four rules set out in the article. Toyota compl etely uses the less is more policy by using less time, inventory, space, people and money as stated in lean processing. Because the line runs smoothly at Toyota it takes less time to actually assemble products and this is directly related to the specifications set out at each ‘station’ and the team work that is involved with finishing the product.Toyota saves a lot of money as well because they aren’t going back and fixing the process repeatedly and the chances of errors are rare. At Toyota they also try to have a limited number of inventories because inventory costs a lot of money for a company. Instead of having inventory Toyota uses the just in time method. This method is used to make products to order right when the customer needs the product. Overall the process at Toyota is efficient and hard to immolate. Toyota is a prime example of a productive lean process that has shown to help a company and put the company on top in the industry.

How to Write a Response Essay to an Article

How to Write a Response Essay to an Article How to Write a Response Essay to an Article Essays are mainly done in schools. They begin in the junior schools. Per level of education, different essays are done from the simplest to the complex ones depending on the level that one is in. Different essays are written for different reasons or are normally given under different instructions. Some of them are merely about creative writing while in others one has to do a research. This is where one does a research then after that they draft the essay depending on the research that they came up with. There are other essays that are done however. Essays that tend to respond to a certain article. The teacher gives the students an article then they are asked to answer the question asked in the article in an essay form. Such essays are response essays. The students will just read the article and they will answer according to how they feel mostly it is written in first person. Some of the students are not familiar to the essays so the teachers have to teach the students even if in college how to write a response essay to an article. The teachers mainly insist on the first part of the introduction that the students should read the article and understand it. They should read it at first for the first understanding. This is because this is where their response will be based. They will answer the question depending on how they will understand the article. The second thing that they should do is that they should now read the article thoroughly. Therefore to ensure that they understand the article and they will give the right response, they should read the article a number of times. As they read the article they should be able to make some notes that will help them in their response. They should be able to get some impressions as they tread the article and they should be able to put them in a way that they will help them in their response. Write as many points as you can depending on the impressions that you will get. Then after that, write an outline of those impressions. This will help you know whether you have the right impression or not. After writing the outlines then explain them on the basis of the article that you have. This way you will have the evidence that supports your work. After you have all this work then go ahead and draft your response essay. Whatever you will write then is the best that you could have therefore do not feel ashamed of what you have written. After the writing now you can submit the response. At writing company you can get professional response essay writing help from experts. Custom response essays written from scratch!

Zinc Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Zinc Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Atomic Number: 30 Symbol: Zn Atomic Weight: 65.39 Discovery: known since prehistoric time Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s2 3d10 Word Origin: German zinke: of obscure origin, probably German for tine. Zinc metal crystals are sharp and pointed. It could also be attributed to the German word zin meaning tin. Isotopes: There are 30 known isotopes of zinc ranging from Zn-54 to Zn-83 . Zinc has five stable isotopes: Zn-64 (48.63%), Zn-66 (27.90%), Zn-67 (4.10%), Zn-68 (18.75%) and Zn-70 (0.6%). Properties Zinc has a melting point of 419.58Â °C, a boiling point of 907Â °C, a specific gravity of 7.133 (25Â °C), with a valence of 2. Zinc is a lustrous blue-white metal. It is brittle at low temperatures but becomes malleable at 100-150Â °C. It is a fair electrical conductor. Zinc burns in air at high red heat, evolving white clouds of zinc oxide. Uses: Zinc is used to form numerous alloys, including brass, bronze, nickel silver, soft solder, Geman silver, spring brass, and aluminum solder. Zinc is used to make die castings for use in the electrical, automotive, and hardware industries. The alloy Prestal, consisting of 78% zinc and 22% aluminum, is nearly as strong as steel yet exhibits superplasticity. Zinc is used to galvanize other metals to prevent corrosion. Zinc oxide is used in paints, rubbers, cosmetics, plastics, inks, soap, batteries, pharmaceuticals, and many other products. Other zinc compounds are also widely used, such as zinc sulfide (luminous dials and fluorescent lights) and ZrZn2 (ferromagnetic materials). Zinc is an essential element for humans and other animal nutrition. Zinc-deficient animals require 50% more food to gain the same weight as animals with sufficient zinc. Zinc metal is not considered toxic, but if fresh zinc oxide is inhaled it can cause a disorder referred to as zinc chills or oxide shakes. Sources: The primary ores of zinc are sphalerite or blende (zinc sulfide), smithsonite (zinc carbonate), calamine (zinc silicate), and franklinite (zinc, iron, and manganese oxides). An old method of producing zinc was by reducing calamine with charcoal. More recently, it has been obtained by roasting the ores to form zinc oxide and then reducing the oxide with carbon or coal, followed by distillation of the metal. Zinc Physical Data Element Classification: Transition Metal Density (g/cc): 7.133 Melting Point (K): 692.73 Boiling Point (K): 1180 Appearance: Bluish-silver, ductile metal Atomic Radius (pm): 138 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 9.2 Covalent Radius (pm): 125 Ionic Radius: 74 (2e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.388 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 7.28 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 114.8 Debye Temperature (K): 234.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.65 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 905.8 Oxidation States: 1 and 2. 2 is the most common. Lattice Structure: Hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 2.660 CAS Registry Number:7440-66-6 Zinc Trivia: Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in the Earths crust.Zinc is the fourth most common metal used today (after iron, aluminum, and copper).Zinc exposed to air will form a layer of zinc carbonate by reacting with carbon dioxide. This layer protects the metal from further reactions with air or water.Zinc burns white-green in a flame test.Zinc is the last period four transition metal.Zinc oxide (ZnO) was once called philosophers wool by alchemists because it looked like wool when collected on a condenser after burning zinc metal.Half of the zinc produced today is used to galvanize steel to prevent corrosion.The U.S. penny is 97.6% zinc. The other 2.4% is copper. Sources Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)

Using the Question Mark

Using the Question Mark Using the Question Mark Using the Question Mark By Guest Author This is a guest post by Steven Pittsley. If you want to write for Daily Writing Tips check the guidelines here. Although often taken for granted, the question mark can be used for more than ending a direct question. Really? Yes. The question mark was first seen in the eighth century when it was called the punctus interrogativus. There are many theories about the origin of the symbol, which has changed several times before settling on its current form in the eighteenth century. For example, the Latin word for question is quaestio, which was abbreviated to ‘Qo’ in the Middle Ages. It’s thought that the modern symbol represents the ‘Q’ placed over the ‘O’. Regardless of its origin, the question mark can be used in a variety of ways. One such use is to end a verb-less sentence. Although verb-less sentences may not be considered proper sentences in some circles, they are used quite frequently. Some examples include: What? When? Where? Really? Ending a tag question is another use for the question mark. A tag question is a statement that is followed by a question, such as: He left early, didn’t he? The recipe calls for one cup sugar, right? In a sentence containing a series of questions, you may include a question mark after each. Be careful with this type of writing. Although the use of a question mark is accepted, readers may find a long string of questions confusing. Who saw the victim last? Her husband? Her son? Her daughter? Which way are we supposed to turn at the corner? Right? Left? Two places where the question mark should not be used are at the end of indirect questions or courteous requests. Although these types of sentences may seem to be questions, they do not require the use of the question mark. I asked my son if there were any messages. Will you please reply as soon as possible. Although the choice to use the question mark us usually a fairly easy decision, some situations like these can make you think twice. You can follow Steven on Twitter @drumming4you. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad)How to Style Titles of Print and Online Publications

See attached Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

See attached - Research Paper Example 1- Management integrity: Management integrity, or the ethical nature of personnel of authority, designs the overall tone for the company. Management integrity is communicated with all the employees through the handbooks and procedural manuals of employees. 2- Competent personnel: A company’s capability to recruit and retain proficient employees shows management’s intention to appropriately recording of accounting transactions. Additionally, the retention of workers raises the comparability of financial records from time to time. 3- Segregation of duties: The University of California at Los Angeles observes that a segregation of duties is significant to effectual internal control because it minimizes the risk of errors and wrong proceedings. A successful structure of internal control segregates authoritative, accounting and custodial functions. 4- Record maintenance: Keeping proper records gives the surety that appropriate documentation exists for all the business transa ctions. The management of records include: storing, protection and ultimately destructing tangible or electronic records. The Environmental Protection Agency highlights that an accurate records organization program minimizes operating costs of the operations, improves effectiveness and reduces the risk of process (James, 2013). SEC: The basic objective of SEC is to make sure that the security market is operating in a fair and orderly way. The professionals of security industry are forming contracts fairly with their clients, and that organizations provide general public all the necessary information about the company position through which investors could be able to make well informed investment decisions (Investor, n.d.). The SEC follows these goals by: mandating that organization reveals material business and financial information; supervising the process of the SROs; following rules with which those concerned in the buying and selling of securities should obey; and filing proceed ings or taking other enforcement activities in cases where the law has been desecrated. In spite of the lot of protections given by federal and state securities laws and SRO policy, it is essential for investors to keep in mind that they have the final accountability for their own security (SEC, n.d.). FASB: The Financial Accounting Standards Board is accountable for creating, revising, clarifying, and issuing mutually the broad principles and the specific activities that comprises acceptable financial accounting of private-sector (Tran, 2012). The FASB works through a course of the research projects, discussion memoranda, public hearings, comment letters, and proposal drafts. The FASB's eventual findings on program items are published as Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, which companies are necessary to adhere to (Dietrich, 2013). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a one branch of the Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF), and self-governing, nonprofit b usiness The Financial Accounting Standards Board bears accountability for making generally acceptable accounting principles (GAAP) for the private or confidential sector (FASB, n.d.). Part 3-answer: Company in that was praised for its ethical practices: Nestle company has got a huge number of employees around the globe and it is maintaining a highly ethical behavior in its all the companies around the world. Nestle provides great satisfaction to employees and their satisfaction reflects in the

Behavior Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Behavior - Case Study Example In general, Clawson begins by talking about insecurities about self and the world around that start to develop when individuals do not get what they expect and/or are used to (p.3). Childhood experiences have a deep impact on individuals’ behavior and expectations. When individuals do not get what they believe is their right, it affects them negatively. To understand people for the way they behave, this article explains that most of the times behavior is defined by the individual’s experiences of their childhood. The learning obtained from this aspect is that it is not required for one to feel offended or betrayed because of somebody’s behavior that was not as expected; instead, it would be better to understand why that person behaved the way he/she did. It is more often due to some problems or challenges the other person might be facing, which he/she is unable to express. These problems are being referred to as â€Å"holes† in personality by Clawson (p.3) . Clawson further adds that it is important to move on instead of clinging to the issues that left us dissatisfied. When we decide to move on, we free our mind of negative thoughts and feelings, which is important for our wellbeing. Clawson talks about memes, which can have significant impact on our beliefs. Memes are mental building blocks that determine our behavior as they shape our beliefs; however, these memes are temporary. So, it is important to identify memes and not allow these memes to affect relationships because of their impact on persons’ behavior. A very important learning in general is that our actions or reactions to the happenings around us are purely because of our choice and are not because of any external influence (p.9). So, if we choose to be happy we can, and if we choose to be negative affected by the circumstances, we can. So, all negative feelings are because of our own choice, which can be controlled through thoughtful approach to the difficult time s of life. Our personal set of Values, Assumptions, Beliefs and Expectations (VABE) determine our view of the world and circumstances rather than the reality of the circumstances. These VABEs vary with every individual, culture, country and religion. These VABEs determine the behavior of individuals (Clawson, p.14). In a family, it is important to learn that what we learn and experience as children, up to an age of 10, determine our values in later life even if the situations completely change. So, it becomes important as to what the parents, guardians, teachers etc instil in children through behavior and observation that would eventually determine their life values. Moreover, it is important to keep in mind that our behavior is influenced by our actions, thoughts, feelings and physiology (p.10). Memes are also important because these memes will have a significant impact on children’s beliefs and behavior. Family is the first source of memes in an individual’s life and determine the lifestyle (Renshaw, p.11). Clawson’s article provides numerous points of learning for leaders. Firstly, leaders have the responsibility of influencing and motivating followers towards accomplishing a desired task (Pierce, p.257). In these contexts, for leaders, Clawson (p.5) justifies that it would be ideally impossible to effectively lead with expectations of being able to completely influence their followers. This is because all individuals’

In the Spirit of Crazy Horse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

In the Spirit of Crazy Horse - Essay Example What drives Matthiessen to write this novel is that twenty two years thereafter, one of them Leonard Peltier is still serving two consecutive life sentences. This is because he believes that Peltier is innocent forming the core of the story thus a classic work of investigative reporting. Metthiessen brings forth the larger picture of the Pine Ridge shooting. He shows us the systematic discrimination by the white people in power, determination by corporate agencies to exploit the uranium deposits in the Black Hills, dishonoring of treaties, the F.B.I hostility towards the American Indian Movement and finally the rampant corruption and ineffective judicial system (Matthiessen, 6).This makes the readers to inadvertly rationalize and justify the murder because it is a representation of the repeated historical injustices done to the Native American people in the US. Discussion According to Metthiessen (231-278), he argues that justice is around the corner. This arises because many a times has been disappointed when he sees justice is to be administered only to be denied basing on a technicality in the legal appeals. Everyone had deposited their hope in the legal system only to be betrayed at the last minute. This is because the jury never made the effort to listen to the testimony of the witnesses only to sentence Peltier to life imprisonment without witnesses. The jury based the judgment on the evidence fabricated and manipulated by the FBI. This just shows how the corrupt and discriminatory the FBI is with the back up of a very an inefficient judicial system. This Spirit of a Crazy Horse is a spirit of being on total resistance to the wrongs directed towards the community, the people and ourselves. This provides the back drop of constant subversion of justice for Native Americans and it is perceived as a metaphor to depict the history of injustice against the entire race of people other than an isolated incident of the Peltier’s case. Most of the time the F BI have been an opposing force in bringing to the table the real issues that are affecting the Native Indian community and other people, but they continue to base their argument on the American Indian Movement in the 1970’s. When Peltier serves more than two consecutive life imprisonment times he is actually deprived his constitutional right. Therefore, if Petlier’s rights are to be respected he is entitled to be freed but this is not the case. The string of injustices directed towards the Natives through corruption of the fundamental legal practices and fairness and many other cited ways tries to keep the Native Americans from ever making steps forward with low levels of education, corruption of legal frame work, inadequate food supplies and racist leaders. This is evidenced through Peltire’s case and many others not mentioned. The American justice system and other related government agencies are unjust in the way they undertook issues particularly those affect ing the Natives. Matthiessen easily moves the audience to rationalize and justify murder. He utilizes historical events and figures such as the creation of Mount Rushmore to poke holes in our sight of the superiority of the American legal system when he likens the President’s victorious dedication of the monument with utterances of Standing Bear who says, â€Å"

Smoking in public places Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Smoking in public places - Essay Example According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the use of tobacco is the single most preventable risk to human health in the developed countries. In addition, it is one of the most vital causes of worldwide premature deaths. In the United States, many states have already banned smoking at the public places and California is one of them. In fact, the state of California has one of the strictest laws against smoking at the public places in the world. California decided to take serious steps to control the smoking in the public places in 2001. Governor Davis signed AB188 prohibiting the smoking or disposal of any "cigarette, cigar, or other tobacco-related product" within a playground or tot lot sandbox area and establishing a $100 fine for any violation. (Not Available) Smoking is prohibited in all the workplaces, including but are not limited to restaurants, bars, casinos, gambling clubs, play pits, play structures, backstops, sports fields, tennis courts, and picnics reserved places. When adults smoke in front of young children, it would not give a good impact on their amateur minds. They start feeling that smoking is a good thing and normalizes it. According to the statistics, the average starting age of an adult smoker is thirteen years old. All city laws rely on public education, signage, and voluntary compliance while providing citation authority to peace officers and, in some cases, park rangers and environmental health officers. (Board of Supervisors) Restricted Places (LA) The restricted places in the Los Angeles County are Alhambra - prohibits smoking within 100 feet of a tot lot playground or baseball field; Baldwin Park - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Compton - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Covina - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Beverly Hills - curb-to-curb, smoke-free parks; La Puente - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Long Beach - Drake park is smoke free; Los Angeles -tobacco-free zones include play areas, baseball diamonds, sport courts and areas, and permitted picnic areas; Pasadena - prohibits smoking in all parks and public golf courses; Santa Monica - curb-to-curb, smoke-free parks; San Fernando - curb-to-curb, smoke-free and tobacco or tobacco-related products parks; and West Hollywood - one pocket park is entirely smoke free. (Not Available) From the above discussion, we can conclude that the passive smoking is as dangerous as actual smoking. The passive smoking is not only the issue of the United States - it is the prevalent issue of the whole world. Every day hundreds of people are dying just because of the smoking related diseases such as lung cancer. It is believed that there is no other way except to ban smoking in the public places to reduce its lethal effects. In the United States, many states have already taken several steps to

To what extent might it be considered that a new aesthetic paradigm is Essay

To what extent might it be considered that a new aesthetic paradigm is emerging in the 21th century that makes the study of 'aes - Essay Example It is digital and born on the internet (Bridle, 2011). It is generally intelligent and it is diffuse and includes different smaller pieces which are loosely connected with each other. It is a collaborative desire to cover different elements of aesthetic activity, including music, painting, dance, sculpting, photography, and glitch imagery (Bridle, 2011). One of the major contributors to the idea of the new aesthetic has been seen in the establishment of the way in which digital activities and daily activities are gradually connecting with each other. The new aesthetic also secures a starting point in the assessment of Marx’s theories of machines (Sterling, 2012). It shifts from earlier discussions on machine labour being an extension of human actions, in the end, eliminating human barriers which is seen in designers and those who follow these designs. The New Aesthetic indicates a change in production different from Marx’s perspectives. As machines are dependent on huma n control according to Marx, those seen in the New Aesthetic work eliminate the human element (Bridle, 2011). They consider digitalization, and eliminate the human labour involved in the production elements. ... Such paradigms also do not invite other song and genre choices which are actually the more popular choices among the greater youth population. Popular music is not represented in the music education programs, and as a result, most of the materials which the teachers and students work with are irrelevant. The public and private sector teaching posts have decreased in terms of music teachers and musicians, including audience numbers (Abril and Gault, 2008). The current music educational system is actually not sustainable. The entire system is gradually being eroded on all sides, especially with teachers not being in touch with what is current, what is relevant in the music education system. The problem is very much extensive and complicated (Moore, 2011). It is therefore important to assess the music industry and the educational trends in order to understand the current issue. It is also important to evaluate how music relevancy can be utilized as the basis for securing flexible educat ion models and reviving the music programs in schools. Music education as seen from a music relevancy perspective would consider the music held relevant by the community (Abril and Gault, 2008). Such music education would be very much valuable to students especially as it would provide perspectives into the music that they are exposed to and are listening to every day. A music education curriculum which is strongly in line with the current music trends would be focused on current popular trends, including rock, R&B, country, Hip-hop and alternative music (Abril and Gault, 2008). Instructions in music instruments would mostly be on guitar, keyboard, drums, and other popular musical instruments. These new

Smoking in public places Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Smoking in public places - Essay Example According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the use of tobacco is the single most preventable risk to human health in the developed countries. In addition, it is one of the most vital causes of worldwide premature deaths. In the United States, many states have already banned smoking at the public places and California is one of them. In fact, the state of California has one of the strictest laws against smoking at the public places in the world. California decided to take serious steps to control the smoking in the public places in 2001. Governor Davis signed AB188 prohibiting the smoking or disposal of any "cigarette, cigar, or other tobacco-related product" within a playground or tot lot sandbox area and establishing a $100 fine for any violation. (Not Available) Smoking is prohibited in all the workplaces, including but are not limited to restaurants, bars, casinos, gambling clubs, play pits, play structures, backstops, sports fields, tennis courts, and picnics reserved places. When adults smoke in front of young children, it would not give a good impact on their amateur minds. They start feeling that smoking is a good thing and normalizes it. According to the statistics, the average starting age of an adult smoker is thirteen years old. All city laws rely on public education, signage, and voluntary compliance while providing citation authority to peace officers and, in some cases, park rangers and environmental health officers. (Board of Supervisors) Restricted Places (LA) The restricted places in the Los Angeles County are Alhambra - prohibits smoking within 100 feet of a tot lot playground or baseball field; Baldwin Park - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Compton - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Covina - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Beverly Hills - curb-to-curb, smoke-free parks; La Puente - has smoke-free policies for its parks; Long Beach - Drake park is smoke free; Los Angeles -tobacco-free zones include play areas, baseball diamonds, sport courts and areas, and permitted picnic areas; Pasadena - prohibits smoking in all parks and public golf courses; Santa Monica - curb-to-curb, smoke-free parks; San Fernando - curb-to-curb, smoke-free and tobacco or tobacco-related products parks; and West Hollywood - one pocket park is entirely smoke free. (Not Available) From the above discussion, we can conclude that the passive smoking is as dangerous as actual smoking. The passive smoking is not only the issue of the United States - it is the prevalent issue of the whole world. Every day hundreds of people are dying just because of the smoking related diseases such as lung cancer. It is believed that there is no other way except to ban smoking in the public places to reduce its lethal effects. In the United States, many states have already taken several steps to

Documenting the Media Revolution Research Paper - 1

Documenting the Media Revolution - Research Paper Example However, the advent of the computer era and the development of various electronic based gadgets have allowed man to finally come up with an alternative to print media. I speak of the eBook readers that come bundled with most of our smartphones and tablet PC's. This paper will take a look into the history of the eBook, what gadgets existed prior to the advent of the modern day eBook reader, and how the technology has made reading a more interactive activity these days. eBooks first appeared on the market back in 1998. The precursor of today's readers were the Softbook and Gemstar Rocket eBook Reader. These particular readers did not easily catch on at the time since most people were still adapting to the internet and paperless era so very little attention if any were actually paid to the launch of these readers. However, the year 2000 launch of Stephen King's horror novel Ride the bullet in pure eBook format called attention to the up and coming technology. By 2003, eBooks and readers were still trying to break into the market as paper books still remain the traditional favorite. by July, Gemstar is merely a footnote in the history of the readers while Barnes and Noble pulls out eBooks from their stores. Critics then begin to predict the beginning of the end for the digital reader format. But the technology gains a new life with the advent of the Sony Librie which is a marked improvement upon its predecessors since it now uses electronic ink and has managed to reduce the backlight glare thus allowing the reader to show the same type of actual ink quality for the reader. By 2007, the Kindle is released and everyone now knows that the eBook reader is here to stay. From that point on other ebook reader devices such as the Nook come into market play. (Kozlowski, Michael â€Å"A Brief History of eBooks†). Even print book manufacturers cannot help but acknowledge that the eBook is fast edging out its physical format competitor in terms of book sales. According to research done by the Pew Research Center: The population of e-book readers is growing. In the past year, the number of those who read e-books increased from 16% of all Americans ages 16 and older to 23%. At the same time, the number of those who read printed books in the previous 12 months fell from 72% of the population ages 16 and older to 67%. (Rainie, Lee & Duggan Maeve â€Å"E-Book Reading Jumps; Print Book Reading Declines†) If one were to think about it, the rise of the eBook reader was actually something that was going to happen eventually. Our society is fast becoming a very tech savvy, gadget obsessed group that is constantly on the look out for the next big gadget that can make their lives easier. In this case, the eBook reader came across at just the right time. People were already conditioned to reading newspapers and other material via the internet and through their computer screens that using the eBook reader was not something that people feared anymore. The technology also found itself vastly improved thanks to the constantly evolving structure of the laptops as well. Newspapers and book publishers acknowledged the fact that there was more money for them to make through the electronic publication of their newspapers and books, so it is easy to surmise that the publishing sector also had a direct hand in the decision of their subscribers to switch to the eBook version of their reading material. (Fowler, Geoffrey & Baca, Marie â€Å"The ABC's of E-Reading). One reason that people are

The African-American Odyssey Essay Example for Free

The African-American Odyssey Essay The emancipation of the African slave who was now disconnected from their traditions and way of life after nearly 300 years, is seemingly a great gush from the dam to the ebbs and flows of the struggle. The end of slavery as we know it, presented a ball of mixed emotions among the nation; North and SOUTH. Some slaves were grossly ecstatic to be free. For example, when a slave girl named Caddy, from Goodman, Mississippi found she was free, went to her mistress, flipped up her dress and told her Kiss my ass! On the contrary, some slaves were apprehensive of being free. For example, one elderly slave woman reportedly said, I ain no free nigger! I is got a marster and mistiss! Dee right dar in de great house. Ef you don believe me, you go dar an see. Though most slaves were detached from their families, many managed to regroup and find their love ones after their emancipation and constructed close knit families. Land was an viable means of survival in the minds of newly freedmen and the government was eager to deem lands to the ex-slaves . On January 16, 1865, General William T. Sherman told the freedmen that they will receive the land they were in search of. They were granted the head of each family would receive possessory title to forty acres of land. Sherman also gave the use of Army mules, thus giving rise to the slogan, Forty acres and a mule. Similarly in 1862 the Union military set aside land in Port Royal, South Carolina, which became known as the Port Royal experiment. The freedmen bureau was created to aid newly freed slaves in the transition from bondage to freedom in 1865. After Lincolns assassination the succession of his Vice president, Andrew Johnson, to the presidency meant that the white owners of the lands, that were given to the freedmen, would be returned. Sharecropping became a sort of ebb in the river of the African-American progression as far as freedom was concerned. Presented as labor contracts by white land owners, the institution of slavery was extended under a cloud of debt. In which, the black family, oft times became debtors due to the lack of honesty on the account of their white lender. Aside from family, among African-Americans, the black church became the most important institution. Not only did it fill deep spiritual and inspirational needs, it offered enriching music, provided charity and compassion to those in need, developed community and political leaders, and was free of white supervision. With the end of slavery, blacks who then had to attend services with white parishioners who treated them as second class Christians, could now organize and attend their own churches. The advent of the black church definitely brought about a flow in the river of struggle for African-Americans. Education was another flow in the river of struggle and a critical means of survival amongst people of color. It coincided alongside freedom. All who were versed in education of all sorts were summoned to teach the freedmen and their children. Teachers from all walks showed. Classes were held in churches, old slave markets, stables, taverns, homes, and former slave cabins. Funding came from various religious and political organizations and the Freedmens Bureau. Although white teachers helped a bit, black teachers were praised throughout the negro community because, as Rev. Richard H. Cain said , We must take into our own hands the education of our race Honest, dignified whites may teach ever so well, but it has not the effect to exalt the black mans opinion of his own race, because they have always been in the habit of seeing white men in honored positions, and respected. Most colleges and universities for blacks taught elementary and secondary level curriculum. The introduction of the historically black colleges and universities was formed from the idea of a higher education for people of color. In the midst of the newfound freedom, religious organization, and education of Negroes which was an obvious flow, a reoccurring ebb presented itself in the form of violence. Justice for the black man was never considered in those times. Thousands of innocent African-Americans were heinously murdered without a single conviction of a white perpetrator whom committed the acts. Atop the murders, black towns, businesses, churches, and schools were destroyed at the hands of the angry white southerners. The Failure of Reconstruction For the first time ever in history, a group of black men had concurrently became politicians. They were joined by the carpetbaggers of the north and the scalawags of the south in the Republican constituency. Of the 1,000 men elected as delegates to the ten state conventions, 265 were black. Collectively, they drafted new, striking constitutions that, unlike the previous constitutions, allowed all men to vote; even the ex-Confederates. Although, the Republicans displayed compassion upon their dealings with their opponents, the unruly Southern ego rose once more against the ratification of the new constitutions. In due course, the majority did manage to ratify and in each state, black men were elected to offices. As time progressed, nearly 1,500 black men were in office around the throughout the south. Among those were the likes of Blanche K. Bruce, Hiram R. Revels, Joseph Rainey, Jonathan J. Wright, Francis L. Cardozo, Robert Smalls, and Ferdinand Havis. This was a flow that led to inevitable ebb in the river of fight for African-Americans. That ebb presented itself in the form of the gradual failure of reconstruction. Issues such as education, social welfare, civil rights, land, and businesses plagued the Republican frame of thought daily. The black leaders efforts to facilitate education throughout the black and poor white communities failed overall. Lack of funds is the greatest blame for the inconsistency. At the time, there were no segregation laws, but whites refused to let their children go to school with blacks. Though a valid effort amongst African-Americans was given toward civil rights, they did not receive the respect that every other law abiding citizen received. For example, they were not accommodated at hotels and on public transportation, nor were they served as paying customers at various businesses. The blacks who worked for the white landowners were being cheated daily as if they were still in captivity. White employers would either fire the worker before the harvest or make up outlandish fees and debts. Some just didnt pay at all! Black leaders grew tired of the robbery and made laws to eliminate such happenings. The distribution of land amongst landless, yeomen, farmers didnt happen in any other state but South Carolina. Over fourteen thousand black families and a few white families, received land. Black businesses, unfortunately, did not and could not flourish due to the lack of funds during the expanding of the railroad. Other businesses made handsome amounts of profit but the African-American business owners could not cash in. Black politicians laid the foundation for public assistance, education, criminal justice reform but, could not do anything that directly dealt with their people. Reason being, was that they were the minority in the Republican party and in fact, were not allowed to ratify their own agenda. Besides, they couldnt agree on most things because they came from different walks of life. Bickering throughout the Republican party sparked a high turnover in political leadership and the loss of that very economic security? This made for inexperienced leadership and added to Republican woes. Opposition came to the party in various ways; Such as, the conservative Democrats who continued to heckle blacks who in any way participated in the political process and the Ku Klux Klan. The Klan, was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee in 1866, by ex-confederate soldiers who were hell-bent on eradicating and/ or terrorizing anyone who didnt submit to southern culture. They used any means necessary to remove blacks from politics. The Enforcement Act of 1870 was passed to prohibit Klansmen from wearing their regalia in public and protected the civil rights of black citizens. The following year the Ku Klux Klan Act was passed and it made the interference of a persons right to vote, hold office, jury duty and equal protection a federal offense. The fifteenth amendment was passed in 1869, and later ratified in 1870. It clearly expressed the right to vote to all citizens but failed to address the literacy tests, property possession rule, or the poll tax that continued to plague voters. Radical Republicans and northern whites alike grew exhausted with the dependency of blacks, (as they saw it) and looked upon them as unfit to be involved in the political system. They thought that reconstruction had been a mistake. The Freedmens Bank was founded in 1865 and done well until the white board of directors foolishly invested in Washington, D. C. real estate. The Panic of 1873 brought about a significant loss in unsecured railroad loans. As a result, the bank closed in 1874. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was an act of good intentions, yet it was ruled unconstitutional by U. S. Supreme Court Justice Joseph Bradley who, wrote that the Fourteenth Amendment protected black people from discrimination by states but not by private businesses. The end of Reconstruction was as brutal and contentious as the beginning. Blacks refused to vote in response to the terrorism inflicted upon them by the southern Democrats. The withdrawal of the federal troops that were to protect the rights of colored people left the black citizens with no means of defense and they therefore had to bow down to the numerous massacres that were to occur. The compromise of 1877, in which, Samuel J. Tilden and Rutherford B. Haynes, ran for the presidency, brought about more violence towards blacks and grew worse as time passed.

System Design Of Internet Banking System

System Design Of Internet Banking System Abstract: In recent year, Internet banking system has become very popular among customers and business. Nowadays, Internet banking is provided by banks because of its advantages. Such as 24 hours services, fast, easy and secure access to customer through Internet. This report intends to offer the system architecture and system design for Internet banking system which is mainly focused. Introduction Internet has become the way for conducting increasing numbers of transactions between suppliers and large business because of the speed, flexibility and efficiency that it offers. In this way, new market has been opened to the world and diffusion of knowledge has been accelerated to the internet. Internet markets or online commercial business has been widely used. Since a special way to design the system should have been by the web-based system and implement it. Nowadays, internet banking system widely used to increase demand of online banking transactions. Internet banking system is looking to provide the best quality with highly available, fast, secure and safe to use. System analysis is used to analyze and design any system. In this report, the framework of system analysis and design, system design and system architecture for internet banking system are discussed. In addition, about the system architecture is so important that it has become the foundation of the system analysis and design is also discussed. A Framework of System Analysis and Design Many organizations consider information systems in order to produce useful information by capturing and managing data to employees, customers, suppliers and partners. It is necessary for their ability to compute or gain competitive advantage. Information systems can be classified by the functions such as Transaction processing systems Management information systems Decision support systems Executive information systems Expert systems Communication and collaborative systems Office automation systems. Various perspectives can view in information systems such as the players, business drivers, technology drivers and process. From the point of view of system stakeholder, the system analysts bridge the communication gap that can develop between system owners and users and also between designers and builders. System owners are typically executive managers for large systems and may be supervisors for small systems. Unlike system owners, costs and benefits of the system tend to less concern by system users. There are two kinds of system users such as internal system users and external users. For information systems, system designers are technology specialists such as Database administrators, Network architects, Web architects, Graphic artists, Security experts and Technology specialists. System users business requirements and constraints are translated by system designer into technical solution. System builder is to construct the system according to the system designers specifications. System designers and system builders are the same in small system but they are often different jobs in large system. Application programmers, system programmer, database programmer, network administrators and security administrators are technical specialties. System owners, users, designers, and builders often have different perspective for building and using on any systems. What is System Design? System design is the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. (Bentley, L, D., Whitten, J, L (2008)) Also know as physical design. There were many techniques or approaches that are concerning to the aspect of the system design and can be categorized as follow: Model-Driven Approaches Rapid Application Development (RAD) Joint Application Development (JAD) Model-Driven Approaches One of the system design approaches is the Model-Driven Approaches. It emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document the technical or implementation aspects of a new system. (Bentley, L, D., Whitten, J, L (2008)) The examples of model-driven approaches are modern structured design, information engineering, and object-oriented design. Modern structured design Modern structured design is a system design approaches. These approaches assist to deal with the size and complexity of the programs for developers. It also a process-oriented approaches that breaking up from a large size of program into a hierarchy of modules, and that results are easy to implement and preserve. Information engineering Information engineering (IE) can be defined as the application of an interacting set of formal techniques of the planning, analysis, design a construction of information systems on a major sector of enterprise. The data model is the primary tool of IE. IE facilitates the long-term evolution of systems and also identifies how computing can best aid the strategic goals of the enterprise. Moreover, IE creates a framework to develop the computerised enterprise. Prototyping A technique for quickly gathering specific information depends on the information requirements of the user. Advantages of Prototyping Change the system early in its development Scrap undesirable systems Design a system for users needs and expectations Disadvantages of Prototyping Manage the project danger of overtaking other phases in SDLC Adopt an incomplete system as complete Documentation might be incomplete Object-oriented design Object-oriented design (OOD) techniques, is a design system using self-contained objects and object classes. Some of characteristics on these techniques are as follow: Objects are abstractions of real-world or system entities Objects are independent and encapsulate state and representation information In the terms of objectives services, the System functionality is explicit Shared data areas are removed and each of the object are communicate by means of message passing Objects may be distributed and execute in the form of sequentially or in parallel Rapid Application Development Rapid application development (RAD) is an approach to systems development that includes a method of development as well as software tools. It applies to structured, prototyping, and joint application development (JAD) techniques to rapidly develop the system. Nowadays these techniques used to become popular design techniques. RAD is used when: The developer team have programmers and analysts who are experienced with these technique The project include a novel ecommerce application and needs to find quickly result Users are sophisticated and highly engaged to the goals of the company Joint Application Development Joint Application Development, or JAD, is a process that is originally developed for designing a computer-based system. It brings together business area people (end users) and IT (Information Technology) professionals in a highly focused workshop. The purpose of using JAD is to define the project, design a solution, and monitor the project until it reaches completion. The advantages of JAD include a dramatic shortening of the time it takes to complete a project. It also improves the quality of the final product by focusing on the up-front portion of the development lifecycle. Internet Banking Internet banking is the system that allows customers to access general financial information transactions through a secure bank-created website. Nowadays, all banks provide internet banking because of its advantages. Customer no need to give their precious time to go to bank and just click the mouse and then can access their own bank account so Internet banking become integral to the lives of busy people. They just need to have a computer or an intellectual device such as mobile device or PDA with an Internet connection and iB secure device which is offered by their own bank. Another good point of internet banking is that customers are allowed to bank with easy and paperless way at non-working hours and public holidays also. 4.1. Types of internet Banking At present, these following three basic types are utilized in the marketplace. 1. Informational: This is the foundation level of internet banking and it can be offered by the bank or outsourced. There has an appropriate control to prevent unauthorized alterations to the banks server of Web site. 2. Communicative: This type allows some interaction with customer and the banks system. There has an appropriate control to prevent unauthorized attempt to access the banks internal network and computer systems so virus control plays vital role in this environment. 3. Transitional : This level allows customers to execute their transactions such as accessing accounts, paying bills, transferring funds etc., 4.2. Pros and Cons of Internet Banking The prominent point of Internet banking is that it is very convenient for customers rather than traditional banking system and can available 24/7 and time saving. Customer can access their account anytime and anywhere no need to go the bank Customer can also check their account information and make funds transfer to their payee Customer can access too many services such as payment services, investment services and trading services Customer can open their new account Customer can access deposit account, remittance and apply Credit/Debit card Customer can update their profile such as changing their address, their phone number and so on. Although Internet banking has too many productive points and very popular in the recent years, there are few drawback that are worried by customers. Despite the Internet banking installed Internet security programs and latest anti-virus software, customers scared that privacy of their information and loss of user IDs and pin number also. By using Internet banking system, there are loss of communication with fellow and friends at physical branches of banks. Another problem which customer encounter occasional is, when the bank server is down, customer cannot access the Internet banking system. 4.3. System Design in Internet Banking Steps of System design in Internet banking are as follow: Firstly, the customer needs to request the URL. Customer login the system, then the system checks User ID and Pin No. After the system check User ID and Pin No. , then the system check that this customer is valid or not. If it is valid, then that customer need to key in their OTP can access the system so the customer can see the Main Menu page of the Internet banking website. Then the customer can choose from many menus such as viewing Account Information, Funds Transfer, Payment, Trading and Investment Services, Opening New Account, Remittance, and Update Customer Profile and so on. For example, if the customer chooses the Funds transfer menu, then the customer need to select Funds Transfer type such as Funds Transfer to My own A/C, Funds Transfer to Other A/C and Funds Transfer to Other Bank. Then customer needs to choose From Account, To Account and Amount. After that, submit this information to the system. And then ensure the detailed information and click Confirm button to accomplish the transaction. Key in his/her iB Secure PIN(for OTP) to complete this transaction After logout, customer needs to clear cache for security reason. Figure 4.1 Use Case Diagram for Internet Banking System Assumption: Assume that the customer already enter the banks home page. Account holder, credit/debit card holder can conduct this system. Bank database, Users account no:, amount of money (transaction), states and other. Assume, Users can log out the system after the transaction. User can cancel the system before the transaction. 4.4. Sample Use case specification 1. Login When customer wants to access their account from bank database, they must need to login the system with User ID and Pin No. The system will prompt error message when the customer may be an invalid user. If valid, customer can access the Main menu page of the Internet banking system. 2. Logout The system must logout after the customers works are done. After logout the system, the customer must need to clear the cache of the system for the security reasons. In this step, customer should have been logged in already. Figure 4.2 Deployment Diagram for Internet Banking System Conclusion and Further Study In this report, we focused on importance and foundation of System Analysis and Design in Internet banking system. We choose Internet banking system as case study because in this recent year, Internet banking becomes a well-known and very useful system among people. We based on a Framework of System Analysis and Design, techniques or approaches System Design, Internet Banking, types of internet Banking, Pros and Cons of Internet Banking, and the last topic is System Design in Internet Banking. We can study as System Analysis and Design in Mobile banking for future work because this system is also very popular and very convenience. To access this system the customer just need to have mobile phone and just access the transaction with sms.

Temperate Deciduous Forest :: essays research papers

Temperate Deciduous Forest Geographical location- The Temperate Deciduous Forest is 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator. This climate can be found in the north in North America, Europe and Asia. In the south, the climate can be found with South America, Australia, and Africa. Climate facts- the average temperature is 50 degrees (24 degrees celsius) and its high is 86 degrees, this factor depends on the altitude of the forest. The temperate deciduous forest receives an average yearly precipitation of 2 to 5 feet, and the humidity of the forest is 60% to 80%. Soil- The soil in this climate is very fertile due to falling leaves, twigs, logs, and dead organisms. Fall- the leaves begin to lose their green color as the chlorophyll inside the leaves goes away. The red and orange that is always associated with fall come into play now, since they are always in the leaf, the only reason the leaf is green is because chlorophyll are inside the cells, but during the cold weather the trees loses the chlorophyll. Layers of the Temperate Forest 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tree stratum- tallest layer, 60- 100 feet high, with large maple woods, oaks, beech, chestnut, hickory, elm, basswood, linden, and walnut. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Small tree or sapling layer- short and young trees. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shrub layer- huckleberries, azaleas, and mountain laurels. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Herb layer- short plants 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ground layer- lichens, club mosses, and true mosses. Three types of organisms Primary producers- such as trees, shrubs, grass, mushrooms, wild flowers, berries. Primary consumers-this group is comprised of mostly small animals and insects, such as mosquitoes, chipmunks, mice, squirrels, and seed eating birds. These organisms depend on the primary producers, for food and shelter.

Analysis “On Being Human” Essay

C.S. Lewis gets straight to the point in his first lines, particularly with the first two words ‘angelic minds.’ Readers will discern immediately that Lewis is going to discuss the concept of experience from the viewpoint of supernatural non-human beings such as angels. Readers may also guess, by comparing this idea to the poems title ‘On Being Human,’ that he intends to go on to compare this idea with our experience of the world from the implied lowliness of mankind’s perspective. Students may wonder where the latter implication comes from, and in this, at the beginning of the poem at least, C.S. Lewis is no help at all in referring to a mysterious ‘they’ who apparently hold that angels use intelligence alone to comprehend the forms of nature, not needing the added senses enjoyed by more sensate humankind. Some readers may be reminded here of the fierce battles between the angels and demons of Milton or the ‘arrows of desire’ of Blake. Indeed the nature of love and its forms was thoroughly explored and analysed elsewhere in the Four Loves by C.S. Lewis himself. As he outlines his argument in the next few lines, readers are left wondering which way Lewis is going to go with this. They may wonder which dimension of experience the poet will say is best – intelligence or sensory experience? Here, the idea of an enigma or puzzle gives the poem drive and suspense as students read on to find out what happens next. Initially C.S. Lewis presents, and continues to develop, the theory that those with purely spiritual, non sensual minds can unerringly discern crucial timeless truths, ‘the verities’, through intelligence alone, without recourse to the five senses. Humans either lack knowledge of these truths or have come to learn them indirectly through the implied less satisfactory means of sensual experience. Truths of nature seem to be given particular weight by Lewis here as he tells readers of ‘earthness’ and ‘stoneness’ that can be perceived by angels from their clear uncluttered viewpoint – uncluttered by the supposed inferior extraneous baggage of mortal sensate feelings and experiences. Both in Lewis’s use of the word ‘unvarying’ and in his use of the word ‘unerringly’ in the opening lines, some readers may pick up echoes of the Roman Catholic belief in the infallibility of the Pope and the unwavering adherence to doctrine of the Roman Catholic church – even in the face of calls for relaxation and modernisation by common popular dissent. This serves to reinforce the notion of the fundamental nature of ancient truths. Being human, Lewis seems to ponder, may result in a clouding of the vision of fundamental principles by a veil or a muddled fog of distracting sensual experiences. It is at this point that the reader may perceive a divergence in Lewis’s view with that of the poets, theologians and philosophers of the ‘they’ in his initial lines. In his list of the understanding of the notion of ‘being,’ of existence, ‘being human’ is left out! The angels appear to understand the scientific principles of the beauty of nature, the properties of a tree for example, or the evaporatory properties of the sea, but their achievements in the field of understanding human existence are not mentioned. C.S. Lewis then sketches, with exquisite delicacy, the human experience of the blissful coolness of shade as relief from the blistering unrelenting glare of the sun and, next, the severance of sun from shadow where the trees begin. This use of the word ‘severance’ also serves to mark the point where Lewis breaks faith temporarily with the ‘they’ of the first lines as he introduces humor, remarking that an angel has no skin and therefore (presumably) no conduit for the sense of touch. Then follows a series of ravishing images, deftly painted by Lewis, of the ‘drinking-in’ of experiences of nature’s loveliness – such as the sweetness of a peach basking in the warmth of a sunlit wall or the delightfully natural fragrances of the countryside. Here Lewis picks up again the comical atmosphere that underlies the conversational narrative style of the poem, adding that angels are unable to appreciate the delights of the fragrance of the field, new mown hay, the sea smells and the therapeutic incense of wood smoke. With humor he bluntly posits that an angel has no nose! The poet then appears to struggle between two possibilities – firstly that angels get the best deal as they are not burdened with the five confusing senses. Conversely, he wonders whether humans are the better off of the two beings. After all, they are guarded from the shock of perceiving the whole of existence ‘the heavens’ at once, because mankind’s distracting senses obscure the truth of it. Crucially, in terms of understanding Lewis’s own opinion on the subject, the poet draws attention to the way in which God himself may want us to have one small area of our personalities devoted to appreciating the environment through our senses. Perhaps in so doing we are the better able to comprehend the sheer scale of the wonders of nature and sense that He has provided for our happiness. The angels with their cold intelligence may be unable to profoundly appreciate, thank and love God to the full. Indeed, some lines from the Roman Catholic church service, ‘The Mass’, may spring to mind when reflecting upon the benefits this ‘being human’ has in our relationship with God – the lines refer to a Christ ‘who humbled himself to share in our humanity.’ As Lewis puts it, we ‘share a privacy that is forever ours, not theirs.’

Bad News

Bad News Letter Guidelines Tips: Before you start writing the letter, you have to ask yourself the following questions: 1. Is the letter for internal or external communication? * How close are the sender and the receiver? The Salutation (Dear / Hello / Mr. / Wolfgan? ) and the Closing (Sincerely / Best / Love / Regards? ) should pay attention! 2. How many parties are involved in the event? (a Mainland company IS NOT the name of the supplier!! ) 3. Do you understand the basic manufacturing process of a product / the product? NO Google it then!! Make sure you understand the meaning of ‘supplier’, ‘electrical component’, ‘assemble’, and ‘end product’ because components are very different from end products). 4. What is the role and duty of each part involved? 5. What is the event happened? What is the damage to the factory? Why is it related to the large consignment? What is the bad news exactly What is the real problem led by the incid ent in the factory? What is the immediate impact on the large consignment? 6. Is there any damage involved in the case? What kind of damage (e. g. financial, relationship†¦etc.? ) will bring to the company?And recommendations on solution? What kind of short- / long- term effect will bring between the company and the supplier? 7. What’s the immediate solution to the immediate problem? Why and How is it going to solve the problem 8. What other concerns is arose from the incident that constitute impact / damage to the company in longer term? What’s your suggestion / solution? What are the reasons to support your suggestion / solution? 9. Some of you mention about ‘customers / clients’. Where are they in the chain? What’s their role? If they are involved, what kind of damage will cause to them due to the incident?Why is it important to keep relationship with the clients? What is / are the solution(s)? What are the benefits of the solutions (in the short-term or long-term? ) Salutation| Internal or External? Dear / Hello†¦ Billy / Mr. Chan†¦ | Buffer| Think of it as an introduction of an article. It should briefly preview the main messages of the letter. The last sentence leads in to the next paragraph. | Reason & Bad News| Begin with the incident Bad New Implication to the consignment? | Immediate Impact & Solution| Begin with a sentence linking last paragraph’s last sentence. Briefly and clearly states the mmediate impact to the company or other party involved the solution why will it solve the impact| Longer-term Impact & Solution| Begin with a topic sentence hinting this paragraph is about longer term planning Briefly state the concern clearly states why the concern can be an issue to the company explain the solution clearly and logically (using â€Å"logic transitional words†) states the possible positive outcome. | Closing | Short and simple. Simply asking for approval / comments / meeting for fur ther discussion†¦ etc. And be positive| Complementary Close| Internal or External? Sincerely / Regards / Best / Best Regards? | Bad News Bad News Letter Guidelines Tips: Before you start writing the letter, you have to ask yourself the following questions: 1. Is the letter for internal or external communication? * How close are the sender and the receiver? The Salutation (Dear / Hello / Mr. / Wolfgan? ) and the Closing (Sincerely / Best / Love / Regards? ) should pay attention! 2. How many parties are involved in the event? (a Mainland company IS NOT the name of the supplier!! ) 3. Do you understand the basic manufacturing process of a product / the product? NO Google it then!! Make sure you understand the meaning of ‘supplier’, ‘electrical component’, ‘assemble’, and ‘end product’ because components are very different from end products). 4. What is the role and duty of each part involved? 5. What is the event happened? What is the damage to the factory? Why is it related to the large consignment? What is the bad news exactly What is the real problem led by the incid ent in the factory? What is the immediate impact on the large consignment? 6. Is there any damage involved in the case? What kind of damage (e. g. financial, relationship†¦etc.? ) will bring to the company?And recommendations on solution? What kind of short- / long- term effect will bring between the company and the supplier? 7. What’s the immediate solution to the immediate problem? Why and How is it going to solve the problem 8. What other concerns is arose from the incident that constitute impact / damage to the company in longer term? What’s your suggestion / solution? What are the reasons to support your suggestion / solution? 9. Some of you mention about ‘customers / clients’. Where are they in the chain? What’s their role? If they are involved, what kind of damage will cause to them due to the incident?Why is it important to keep relationship with the clients? What is / are the solution(s)? What are the benefits of the solutions (in the short-term or long-term? ) Salutation| Internal or External? Dear / Hello†¦ Billy / Mr. Chan†¦ | Buffer| Think of it as an introduction of an article. It should briefly preview the main messages of the letter. The last sentence leads in to the next paragraph. | Reason & Bad News| Begin with the incident Bad New Implication to the consignment? | Immediate Impact & Solution| Begin with a sentence linking last paragraph’s last sentence. Briefly and clearly states the mmediate impact to the company or other party involved the solution why will it solve the impact| Longer-term Impact & Solution| Begin with a topic sentence hinting this paragraph is about longer term planning Briefly state the concern clearly states why the concern can be an issue to the company explain the solution clearly and logically (using â€Å"logic transitional words†) states the possible positive outcome. | Closing | Short and simple. Simply asking for approval / comments / meeting for fur ther discussion†¦ etc. And be positive| Complementary Close| Internal or External? Sincerely / Regards / Best / Best Regards? |

Buddhism Worksheet Essay

1. Explain the basic Buddhist teachings including the three marks of reality, the Four Noble Truths, and the Noble Eightfold Path. Answer: The basic teachings of Buddhism are based around what are called the three jewels. The first is Buddha or an ideal human who others should imitate. The second is Dharma which is the Buddhist lessons on how to see things in a worldly manny. Finally, is Sangha which refers to the community of monks and nuns. The Buddha focused on two major things in his teachings how to reduce suffering in ourselves and others and how to attain inner peace. In the Buddhist teachings are cover the three realities which are change, identity, and suffering (Molloy, 2013). . The first which is constant change refers to the fact that the world is constantly changing around us. The second wenches lack of permanent identity refers to the fact that we are constantly changing as we age and go through the world learn new things and experiencing things. And finally of the presence of distress, Buddha states, we will always experience some sort of sorrow or dissatisfaction in our lives part of obtaining pe rsonal peace or inner peace is accepting that. Buddhist teachings also include worker hold four Noble truths. The first of the truths it is called â€Å"to live is to suffer†. The idea that suffering exists from day one being born causes pain and suffering, getting disease causes pain and suffering, the decay of time causes pain and suffering, and ultimately death causes pain and suffering. The point is that there are so many things going on in life that cause suffering and many of them cannot be avoided. The second truths is â€Å"suffering comes from desire†. There are many forms of suffering that comes from wanting something or thinking that something is necessary, suffering can also come from stress, hunger or other outside sources. Lastly, is â€Å"to end suffering, end desire†. The basic idea with this one is that we must shed all of your unnecessary wants and desires. It’s carried out to an  extreme with the monks who give up material possessions personal property personal wealth they go so far as to shave their heads slither completely bald and give up all connection to their lives before becoming monks. In the last of the Noble truths is â€Å"release from suffering is possible and can be obtained by following the eightfold path†. The idea here, I believe is pretty self-explanatory if you follow this path or recommendations on how to live as laid out by Buddha you will attain inner peace and move beyond the suffering of this world. 2. Describe the three major Buddhist traditions—Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana—and how each tradition developed from the early teachings. Answer: The first of the Buddhist traditions is Theravada whose name means the way of the elders. This group takes a very stark approach to Buddhist teachings they’re very conservative group their goal is to commute continue the tradition of passing Buddhist teachings from one generation to the next without changing them. Communities of monks who stress the ideal to reach enlightenment through meditation. Though the monks say that ordinary or sometimes referred to as laypeople can obtain nirvana the life of a monk is a sure path to obtaining it. The second of the three major schools is Mahayana; this name means the big vehicle. They stress that nirvana is obtainable by everyone and also that enlightenment is a call to compassion. Their order maintains that in order to save yourself you must save others. This group is thought to of been mostly Indian in origin and therefore included many of the practices of Indian culture because the attitudes of the early Buddhists did not always fulfill the religious needs of many people. This school of Buddhism is considered the source of some of the most extraordinary creations of the human mind in areas such as art, philosophy, architecture, psychology, and ceremony. The schools also very widespread in eastern Asia it spread in too many areas including China. The third school Buddhism is vajrayana, the name means time and vehicle. When my and Buddhism entered Tibet and blended with their shamanism the result was Tibetan Buddhism. Although vajrayana includes other forms of esoteric Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism is the most well-known. The first form of Buddhism entered Tibet was actually called Tantric Buddhism. This form of Buddhism opposed  the original detachment from the world and its negative attitude towards bodily pleasure they thought that the body and all of its energies can be used to reach enlightenment. References Molloy, M. (2013). Experiencing the world’s religions: Tradition, challenge, and change (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin - Essay Example The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin focuses upon the overarching theme of self-motivation as he talks in detail about his experiences and intentions to serve as role model for the other people. In the autobiography he describes his life journey begun as a poor and unknown son of candle maker that turned to a successful businessman and started getting respectfully acknowledged in the American society. He tells the reader the key factors behind his success and talks about the virtues that he strived to acquire in order to foster the process of self-improvement. The autobiography reflects his thoughts and intentions towards self-improvement for which he developed a personal plan comprising of thirteen virtues. The thirteen virtues he identified as part of his personal plan of conduct include â€Å"temperament, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquillity, chastity and humility† (Franklin, p77-78). He explains the pr ecepts of these virtues and talks about the process through which he attempted to acquire these virtues in his life. Rather attempting to acquire all the virtues at a time he decided to focus upon them one after one. He tells "My intention being to acquire the habitude of all these virtues, I judg'd it would be well not to distract my attention by attempting the whole at once, but to fix it on one of them at a time; and, when I should be master of that, then to proceed to another, and so on, till I should have gone thro' the thirteen" (Franklin, p78) Franklin explains his personal plan that he followed to acquire the thirteen virtues. In the beginning he realized that his personality needs much more improvements as he expected. He did thorough self-examination and realistically identified his personality fault to overcome them. He feel satisfied that following his plan resulted in diminishing the faults and flaws of his personality. He took one week to acquire one virtue and after t hirteen week he started the process again and repeated four time a year, then once in a year and then only once in several years. However, he followed and remained stick to these virtues throughout his life till his death. Franklin tells the story of his self-improvement mainly through the description of his personal plan and detailed explanation of the thirteen virtues and his quest to acquire those. The autobiography tells that his efforts of self-improvement were directed by self-motivation. He thinks realistically about his personality flaws and always remained eager to learn the ways for self-improvement. He read several books and texts to know about the virtues that could help in self-improvement and his reading and observations resulted in the formation of compact set of thirteen virtues. He was self-motivated to acquire the virtues to improve his personality. As he said " I wish'd to live without committing any fault at any time; I would conquer all that either natural incli nation, custom, or company might lead me into" (Franklin, p77) The reading unveils that self-improvement plays key role in the life of Benjamin Franklin and his autobiography is great source of inspiration for the readers as it talks about the path of achieving self-improvement. The description of self-improvement plan led by Franklin affirms that he is not self-promoter but genuinely a benevolent man